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Date: 06/23/2007 04:06:25 PM
Total Posts: Msg 19927.26

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The Nigerian/Ethiopian Roots Of the Ancient Greeks - Edited By - Jide Uwechia

Posted in Rastas by Don Jaide on June 22, 2007.

Genetic Evidence of the Nigerian Origin of the Ancient Greek
Edited By Jide Uwechia from cited Sources

The Benin Haplogroup or Haplogroup 19 Common In Africans, Greeks and Albanians

There are at least four distinct African, (known as Senegal, Congo, Benin, Bantu Hbs Haplogroups) and one Asian chromosomal backgrounds (haplotypes) on which the sickle cell mutation has arisen.

The Benin haplotype (which originates from Nigeria, West Africa) accounts for HbS associated chromosomes in Sicily Northern Greece, Southern Turkey, and South West Saudi Arabia, suggesting that these genes had their origin in West Africa. The Asian haplotype is rarely encountered outside its geographic origin because there have been few large population movements and Indian emigrants have been predominantly from non HbS containing populations. Per:Graham R. Serjeant, MD, FRCP, The Geography Of Sickle Cell Disease:Opportunities For Understanding Its DiversityRSITY: http://www.kfshrc.edu.sa/annals/143/rev9239.html

Nigeria, west Africa appears the most logical origin of the sickle mutation in Greece evidence from beta S globin gene cluster polymorphisms (1991). It has been conclusively demonstrated that HbS in Greece is mostly haplotype #19 (the one that originated in Benin, Nigeria West Africa). See, Boussiou M, Loukopoulos D, Christakis J, Fessas P.; The origin of the sickle mutation in Greece; evidence from beta S globin gene cluster polymorphisms. Unit for Prenatal Diagnosis, Laikon Hospital, Athens, Greece.

Additionally, previous data suggest that the S/Bantu haplotype (from Southern Africa) is heterogeneous at the molecular level. Recent studies also report a similar heterogenity for the Benin Haplogroup. A study demonstrated the presence of the A -499 TA variation in sickle cell anemia chromosomes of Sicilian and North African origin bearing the S/Benin haplotype (from Nigeria). Being absent from North American S/Benin chromosomes, which were studied previously, this variation is indicative for the molecular heterogeneity of the S/Benin haplotype. Am. J. Hematol. 80:79-80, 2005.

A study was done in Albania (which borders Greece) relating to sickle cell anemia, sickle cell beta-thalassemia, and thalas

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"Knowledge can be accepted by everyone"* "Not everyone wants to accept Knowledge"* "Every great dream begins with a dreamer. Always remember, you have within you the strength, the patience, and the passion to reach for the stars to change the world". *Harriet Tubman* "Truth is Powerful and it Prevails" *Sojourner Truth* “A history of the people may be distorted but it can never be destroyed! ”Nelson Mandela,** HOSEA 4:6 *My People Are Destroyed For A Lack of Knowledge * EACH ONE TEACH ONE TOGETHER WE CAN REACH ONE**

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Date: 06/23/2007 09:11:32 PM
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Wole Soyinka speaks out about the state of democracy in Nigeria

Obasanjo has made us a laughing stock on the African continent and within the international community. This will be his legacy and even his positive achievements will be completely obscured.

Wole Soyinka

Professor Wole Soyinka, Africa’s first winner of the Noble Prize for Literature in 1986, has strongly condemned the recent electoral process for Nigeria’s new president as being fraudulent. He is not alone – Nigeria’s opposition parties and the international community were dismayed as the new successor, Umar Musa Yar'Adua, was appointed by outgoing Olesegun Obasanjo.

An estimated 200 people died in Nigeria amidst violent outbreaks over voting. “The violence and fraud that characterized the elections were established from the very top by the president,” Soyinka claimed. “Obasanjo has made us a laughing stock on the African continent and within the international community. This will be his legacy and even his positive achievements will be completely obscured.”

Publishing his new memoir on his adult life in Nigeria: You Must Set Forth At Dawn, Soyinka solidifies his reputation as a critic of political tyranny. His views on Nigeria’s previous dictators has meant imprisonment for exposing electoral fraud and being sentenced to death in absentia for treason under Sani Abacha’s regime, one of Nigeria’s earlier dictators.

Soyinka told Black Britain that his memoir was difficult to write because he was reluctant to do so, preferring instead to focus on his friends who have been invaluable in giving him tip offs about threats to his life and assisting him in evading them. “I also cut out very bitter passages as I made the mistake of first writing this memoir about my negative experiences which began to colour everything,” he said

But for Soyinka, it was important to correct lies and distortions about him being asserted by experts in African history and literature: “I felt like I was being eaten alive with them probing into one’s very existence and theorizing with the utmost confidence. When I began I didn’t want to write my life story, but about that period, and I think people who try to fill these gaps in desperation sometimes concoct all kinds of lies.”

With this being his fifth set of memoirs, Soyinka doesn’t feel that he has learnt anything new about himself: “Other people have the right to fantasize about me and I have the right to put down the facts as I know them intimately.” His reflective insight into how Nigeria has struggled to defeat a colonialist and dictatorship mentality and blossom into a fledgling democracy is interspersed with resurrecting memories of the dead from his parents to his cousin, Afrobeat star Fela Kuti, and his intention of taking his final rest in the grounds of his Nigerian house.

As one of the grandfathers of African literature, Soyinka interweaves Yoruba mythology and western imagery to create a distinctive body of work reflecting on democracy and human rights. Obsessed with the "oppressive boot and the irrelevance of the colour of the foot that wears it."

Soyinka says the evidence of Nigeria’s recent rigged elections is blatant. “Professor Iwu [chairman] of the electoral commission should be prosecuted. I was offered a platform to run as president but declined to do so as African politics is a full time position with no distractions. First and foremost, I’m a writer.”

On July 7, Wole Soyinka will speak at the South Bank's Literary Festival, where he will deliver the first ever lecture on the theme of civilisation. For more details follow the links below.

The future belongs to those who prepare for it today. Malcolm X “Not To Know What Happened Before We Were Born Is To Remain Perpetually A Child. For What Is The Worth Of A Human Life Unless It Is Woven Into The Life Of Our Ancestors By The Records Of History.” —Cicero, 106-43 B.C. C.M.I. MEMBER

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Date: 07/01/2007 02:17:58 PM
Total Posts: Msg 19927.28

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Beethoven: Revealing His True Identity

In the 15^th and 16^th century, written history underwent a massive campaign of misinformation and deception. With Beethoven the European slave trade in full swing, Afrikans were transported to various parts of the world and were stripped of every aspect of their humanity, and in most of western civilization, were no longer considered human. This triggered a wholesale interpretation of history that methodically excluded Afrikans from any respectful mention, other than a legacy of slavery. This can result in being taught, or socialized, from one perspective. In this instance, historical information tends to flow strictly from a European perspective. No judgment of right or wrong is being made here, only that the breadth was very narrow in scope.

In an age where history is seriously being rewritten, new information is coming forth that is shocking intellectual sensitivities. What was once considered written in stone is now melting away with the discovery of facts that heretofore have been hidden or omitted; things so different that they are generally classified as controversial or unusual.

What specifically is being referenced, is the true identity of Ludwig van Beethoven, considered Europe’s greatest classical music composer. Directly, Beethoven was a black man. Specifically, his mother was a Moor, that group of Muslim Africans who conquered parts of Europe--making Spain their capital--for some 800 years.

In order to make such a substantial statement, presentation of verifiable evidence is compulsory. Let's start with what some of Beethoven's contemporaries and biographers say about his appearance. Frau Fisher, a close friend of Beethoven, described him with “blackish-brown complexion.” Frederick Hertz, German anthropologist, used these terms to describe him: “Negroid traits, dark skin, flat, thick nose.”

Emil Ludwig, in his book “Beethoven,” says: “His face reveals no trace of the German. He was so dark that people dubbed him Spagnol [dark-skinned].” Fanny Giannatasio del Rio, in her book “An Unrequited Love: An Episode in the Life of Beethoven,” wrote “His somewhat flat broad nose and rather wide mouth, his small piercing eyes and swarthy [dark] complexion, pockmarked into the bargain, gave him a strong resemblance to a mulatto.” C. Czerny stated, “His beard--he had not shaved for several days--made the lower part of his already brown face still darker.”

Following are one word descriptions of Beethoven from various writers: Grillparzer, “dark”; Bettina von Armin, “brown”; Schindler, “red and brown”; Rellstab, “brownish”; Gelinek, “short, dark.”

Newsweek, in its Sept. 23, 1991 issue stated, “Afrocentrism ranges over the whole panorama of human history, coloring in the faces: from Australopithecus to the inventors of mathematics to the great Negro composer Beethoven.”

Of course, in the world of scholarship there are those who take an opposite view. In the book The Changing Image of Beethoven by Alessandra Comini, an array of arguments are presented. Donald W. MacArdle, in a 1949 Musical Quarterly article came to the conclusion that there was “no Spanish, no Belgian, no Dutch, no African” in Beethoven's genealogy. Dominque-Rene de Lerma, the great musical bibliologist, came to the same conclusion.

Included in this amazing discussion is a reference made of Beethoven’s teacher, Andre de Hevesy, in his book, Beethoven The Man. “Everyone knows the incident at Kismarton, or Eisenstadt, the residence of Prince Esterhazy, on his birthday. In the middle of the first allegro of Haydn’s symphony, His Highness asked the name of the author. He was brought forward.

“‘What!’ exclaimed the Prince, ‘the music is by the blackamoor (a black Moor). Well, my fine blackamoor, henceforth thou art in my service.’

“‘What is thy name?’

“‘Joseph Haydn.’”

We have all been fed false information for reasons previously mentioned. It is no secret that scholars, writers, critics, advertisers and Hollywood have changed history for their own specific reasons. What is uniquely different in the intellectual landscape, people of color now have an army of sophisticated scholars to combat the continuation and dissemination of false information that has been accepted as standard, as well as the canon in academia.

It is hoped that the revealing of this information will motivate others to critically look at all data flowing in their brains for authenticity. Hollywood is notorious for changing facts. I am not saying to hate Hollywood, but we do have to hold it accountable for disseminating inaccurate depictions, especially when it changes the course of history, by which our children are influenced.

Graphic credits:

1.) Louis Letronne, Beethoven, 1814, pencil drawing.

2.) Blasius Hofel, Beethoven, 1814, monochrome facsimile of engraving after a pencil drawing by Louis Letronne.

3.) Engraving by Blasius Hofel, Beethoven, 1814, color facsimile of engraving after a pencil drawing by Louis Letronne. This engraving was regarded in Beethoven's circle as particularly lifelike. Beethoven himself thought highly of it, and gave several copies to his friends.

©2003Kwaku Person-Lynn

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The future belongs to those who prepare for it today. Malcolm X “Not To Know What Happened Before We Were Born Is To Remain Perpetually A Child. For What Is The Worth Of A Human Life Unless It Is Woven Into The Life Of Our Ancestors By The Records Of History.” —Cicero, 106-43 B.C. C.M.I. MEMBER

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Date: 07/01/2007 07:01:25 PM
Total Posts: Msg 19927.29

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Blacks Around The World Must Unite
Posted: Monday, December 10, 2001

by Pianke Nubian

The political, cultural, economic and racial of Blacks (Africans, Dalit Indians, Black Latin Americans, Melanesians, Australian Aborigines...others) is very important in this period of the history of Blacks on this planet.

Efforts to exterminate or forcibly destroy the culture of Blacks in Sudan and Mauritania (Africa), Latin America, Melanesia, Papua-New Guinea, West Papua, Australia, and North Africa is rampant. The time has come to take measures to begin the process of unification iin order to stop the atrocities that are being committed against Blacks, particularly in Sudan, Africa and West Papua. The very same types of people, inspired by the very same type of religions are responsible for GENOCIDE AGAINST NEGRITICS (BLACKS) IN SUDAN AND IN WEST PAPUA.

In order to put a stop to the atrocities, Blacks (Papuans, Melanesians, Australian Aborigines, ect...) in Melanesia and the region shiould and must unite with Blacks in the Americas (there are 300 millon Blacks throughout the Americas), Africa (with 800 million), Europe (abot five million), India (300 million Black Dalits/Untouchables and 300 million Black "Tribals."). The entire Black population of Melanesia/South Pacific Region may be about 30 million. (Read more on the ancient Black trade networks, "Susu Economics: The History of Pan-African Trade, Commerce, Money and Wealth," pub. by www.1stbooks.com also "Susu and Susunomics," www.iuniverse.com and "A History of the African-Olmecs: Black Civilizations of America from Prehistoric Times to the Present Era," pub. by www.1stbooks.com

The first agenda must be to convene a worldwide Pan-Negro conference, where all people of Black/Negritic/Black Australoid origins, who are victims of the same racism, colonialism, casteism and religious sanctified racism are suffering. WE ARE SUFFERING BASED ON ONE THING....OUR SKIN COLOR, OUR NEGRITIC/AFRICAN RACIAL ORIGINS.

(1) The Black community of Papua New Guinea, West Papua, Fiji, Melanesia, Australia, the South Pacific SHOULD WORK TO CREATE A SINGLE PAN-MELANESIAN NATION IN THE REGION. That can be accomplished by working to politically and economically unite the Melanesians, Papuans and Black Aboriginals, to work on methods of improving the economies and creating a regional and united force for self-defence

(2) Blacks of the Melanesian region, Papua-New Guinea/West Papua, East Timor, Australia and the region should work to unify with Blacks in Africa and America. So far, Africa has taken steps to unify the continent and that attempt is simply one stage of the OBJECTIVE OF IMPLIMENTING PAN-NEGROISM (THE UNIFICATION AND PROTECTION OF THE BLACK RACES OF THE WORLD), on a worldwide basis and stopping the atrocities and destruction of the cultures of Blacks. See more on this issue at http://community.webtv.net/paulnubiaempire
http://dalitstan.org
http://www.raceandhistory.com

(3) Melanesians, Papua-New Guineans, West Papuans, Australian Aborigines and other Blacks in Asia MUST AND SHOULD JOIN IN THE YEARLY (PAN-AFRICAN/PAN-NEGRO) conferences that are held, where the liberation, economic assistance, military assistance and cooperation among the world's Black nations and communities is discussed.

The fact is, as far as Africans are concerned as well as Blacks in the Americas and elsewhere, Blacks in the Melanesian, Papan, Australian and South Pacific are part of the African/Black diaspora (see the book, "The Black Untouchables of India, pub. by www.claritypress.com see also "Susu Economics: The History of Pan-African Trade, Commerce, Money and Wealth," pub. by 1stBooks Library, www.1stbooks.com email, 1stbooks@1stbooks.com ) One writer Runoko Rashidi and others such as V.T. Rajshekar made that point clear in their works ( see http://www.cwo.com/~lucumi/runko.html ) or www.raceandhistory.com

During the 1960's and 1970's, when Africans in Africa and elsewhere were fighting for their independance, so were Blacks in East Timor, Papua and Melanesia. Senegal, an African nation along with others took an interest in contributing to the liberation of Black people in these Pacific nations. Today, the objective of Pan-Africanism or Pan-Negroism (which includes uplifting the entire Negritic population of planet earth) is still one of the strong political objectives of Blacks, although many isms and confusing schemes are aimed at pulling Blacks apart.

As long as Blacks continue to suffer and continue to be exploited, the need for African

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Date: 07/01/2007 07:15:44 PM
Total Posts: Msg 19927.30

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RACISM AGAINST BLACKS IS A GROWING TREND IN EUROPE

Global News Digest

AP News, Newsweek International, Globe & Mail (South Africa)
June 10, 2006

by Obi Akwani, MGV Editor

From Russia to Germany to Denmark and Austria, and from France to Britain, people of color are facing increasing trends in racism that make life far more difficult and hazardous than for the average citizen in any of these countries.

Russia

In Russia, dark-skinned people, especially blacks and people of African origin face a growing trend in race-based violence.

According to some recent AP news reports Africans in Russian cities are often afraid to go out in public for fear of being attacked or killed.

The situation began to go bad for non-Caucasians in post-Soviet Russia in the mid 1990s.

Late last year several African students were attacked on the streets of St Petersburg by people described as "a group of youths." On the same night, in the same street on two separate occasions, two students were attacked. One was killed and the other escaped with serious injuries.

Survival for non-white people in Russia means that they must learn how to behave themselves in order not to become casualties of the raging wave of racism in the nation's cities. For Africans in Russian cities this has come to mean knowing where they can go and when it is safe to go there.

Gabriel Anicet Kochotfa, who came to Russia 25 years ago as a student from Benin in West Africa, is an academic and professor at the Gubkin Oil and Gas Institute. Staying alive in Russia for him means never using public transit and always making sure he is home by 9 p.m. Kochotfa's wife is a Russian, but they must often appear separately in public in order to avoid the verbal abuses that are thrown at them whenever the bi-racial couple goes out together.

"Sometimes I even go to the shop with my wife and we go separately, so nobody knows that we are together... I'm a very lucky person. I have never been aggressed, because I know where to go, when to go and how to behave myself," Kochotfa is quoted by the AP.

In 2005, more than 15 people were killed in racially motivated attacks. A year before that there were 44 such slayings, according to the Moscow Bureau of Human Rights.

Germany

The situation in Germany is not very different. In April 2006, a 37-year-old Ethiopian engineer was beaten into a coma in Potsdam. News reports described his injuries from the beating as "unusual in their severity."

Such attacks are increasingly common in Germany. In recent weeks police have made arrests in connection with such brutal attacks on Africans and other dark-skinned people in Berlin, Wisner and other cities. Africans know certain areas in the eastern part of Berlin, such as Marzahn and Hellersdorf, as "no-go" areas where they are certain to be attacked or killed.

Police statistics show a 19 percent increase in racist violence by people described as members of the far right. Last year, there were 958 such acts recorded, up from 776 in 2004.

The bad situation is compounded by the fact that Germans, in general, seem unwilling to accept the depth of racism in their society. As a result, those who should are not very eager to speak very frankly about it. The situation is so bad that many Africans who spoke to the press about racism in Germany refused to give their full names for fear of reprisals.

These fears were highlighted last month when Uwe-Karsten Heye, a former government minister, lamented the fact -- in a radio interview -- that people with dark skin "might not make it out alive" if they dared set foot in certain towns, especially in the Bradenburg region around Berlin. About the same time an African-German organization offered to publish a list of "no-go" areas for the benefit of World Cup visitors. Public response, both to Heye's statement and the African group's offer, was highly critical and disfavorable, to say the least.

The tendency to downplay racism directed at blacks and other people of color while highlighting threats represented by neo-Nazism and right-wing violence is not only a German phenomenon. All across Europe, the emphasis seems always to be on the right-wing as a fringe non-representative element, and on that basis officials make their explanations of incidents of racism in society. People of color all over Europe are saying, as strongly as they can, that such responses are not adequate.

United Kingdom and The Netherlands

In Britain where a black teen was killed last July with an ax embedded in his skull by white men "shouting racist taunts," the focus of media and government is -- as in other European centers -- not on endemic racism in society, but on right wing extremism.

The tendency to downplay racism against blacks in society is belied by the way officialdom reacts when immigrant minorities are caught on the wrong side of the law.

Take the case of Hirsi Ali, the prominent Somali-born former Dutch lawmaker who was stripped of her citizenship for admittedly lying in her immigration application. Her conviction and loss of citizenship led to a copycat case in Germany last month when a Nigerian was stripped of his German citizenship -- held since 2000 -- for allegedly lying about his employment record during immigration application.

Africans and other dark-skinned minorities in Europe know too well how deeply rooted the racism in society is. They are also aware of how difficult it is to penetrate the consciousness of the average European with this fact.

"All we hear is right wing, right wing, right wing," says Eritrean-German Jonas Endrias, vice president of the International League of Human Rights. "The Germans won't admit there is racism in society."

World Cup Soccer

Germany is hosting the World Cup Soccer Games beginning this month and there are fears that racist may use that opportunity to attack non-white visitors, or even players, during the games.

Over the last few years, as African soccer stars increasingly play for European clubs, making racial taunts at them has become a favorite thing for fans in Europe.

In February this year, Samuel Eto'o, the Barcelona striker from Cameroon threatened to walk off the field at the 77th minute after enduring racial taunts from Spanish soccer fans for much of the game. He was persuaded to play on by teammates as Barcelona went on to beat opponent, Zaragoza, 2-0 in their Madrid game.

African-German groups and other anti-racism campaigners see the World Cup games as an opportunity to bring world attention to an issue most Europe seem eager to downplay.

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The future belongs to those who prepare for it today. Malcolm X “Not To Know What Happened Before We Were Born Is To Remain Perpetually A Child. For What Is The Worth Of A Human Life Unless It Is Woven Into The Life Of Our Ancestors By The Records Of History.” —Cicero, 106-43 B.C. C.M.I. MEMBER

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Date: 07/05/2007 07:53:20 PM
Total Posts: Msg 19927.31

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Bernie Grant

Activist, Britain first black councillor, and joint first black MP

Labour MP Bernie Grant was one of the most charismatic black political leaders of modern times. His death on 8 April 2000 marked almost four decades campaigning for racial justice and minority rights. Though in life he was an outspoken maverick, in death, Bernie Grant was praised from the heights of the Establishment, from Cabinet ministers and Scotland Yard to political associates and black community leaders, and Prime Minister Tony Blair described Grant as "an inspiration to Black British communities everywhere".

Born February 17, 1944 in British Guiana, now Guyana, Bernard Alexander Montgomery Grant was the son of school teachers, Eric and Lily, who named him after two generals then fighting the Second World War. Bernie came to Britain in 1963, and worked as a British Railways clerk, a National Union of Public Employees area officer, and as a partisan of the Black Trade Unionists Solidarity Movement

A successful local politician, Grant served for a decade as local councillor in the London Borough of Haringey, of which he was elected Leader in 1985. He was the first black head of a local authority in Britain, and was responsible for the well-being of a quarter of a million people, many of them Black and ethnic minorities. Grant joined the Labour Party in 1975 and was elected as Member of Parliament for Tottenham in 1987.

Bernie Grant brought to parliament a long and distinguished campaigning record. He was a founder member of the Standing Conference of Afro-Caribbean and Asian Councillors and a member of the Labour Party Black Sections. He convened major conferences of politicians, activists, researchers and academics to shape black agendas. Grant also helped tackle racism on a European wide level, in association with members of the European Parliament and anti-racist groups.

Grant inspired the Parliamentary Black Caucus, co-founded with his fellow "first black parliamentarians" elected in 1987 and Lord Pitt. Inspired by Congressman Ron Dellums and the U.S. Congressional Black Caucus, Grant told the PBC inaugural conference in 1989: "For far too long the black community has had no voice in Britain and we are seeking to redress that". His epitaph, he hoped would simply state "Bernie Grant - African Rebel": a fitting tribute to a man who was a powerful link between black communities in Britain and the Black nations and communities of the world.

In many ways a firebrand activist at heart, Grant courted controversy all his life and evoked mixed emotions. He once shocked royalists and socialists alike by wearing an African dashiki at the state opening of Parliament. Arguably, a controversial politician not to every ones liking, Grant claimed he was misquoted as saying "the police got a good hiding" in the 1985 Broadwater Farm racial disturbances.

As his black parliamentary colleagues rose to the heights of New Labour's centrist government - Paul Boateng to the Home Office, Keith Vaz to the Foreign Office, and Diane Abbott to top-level state committees - Grant alone continued to support old-style trade union, populist democracy and the fight for black political empowerment within the Labour Party. Lee Jasper, a staunch Grant supporter, and chair of the National Black Alliance and the campaign group Operation Black Vote, said: "Bernie will be remembered as a hugely popular man of the people that every black man and woman should aspire to emulate".

Grant continued work as an MP despite undergoing a heart bypass operation and kidney failure in 1998. In the closing year of his life, Grant addressed the House of Commons saying a just conclusion to the Stephen Lawrence case "is the last chance for British society to tackle racism."

C.M.I. *All My Sisters*

Brigadier General FoxxyFatima17* Rising Of A People * Sidney Carter* "Knowledge can be accepted by everyone"* "Not everyone wants to accept Knowledge"* "Every great dream begins with a dreamer. Always remember, you have within you the strength, the patience, and the passion to reach for the stars to change the world". *Harriet Tubman* "Truth is Powerful and it Prevails" *Sojourner Truth* **EACH ONE TEACH ONE TOGETHER WE CAN REACH ONE**